578 - Risk Factors Associated with Glenohumeral Joint Osteoarthritis

Objectives: Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis (GH OA) is a degenerative joint disease associated with decreased function and quality of life, affecting about 20% of adults aged >65 years in the United States. While GH OA is common, there is a paucity of large studies assessing multiple risk factors associated with GH OA. Our study aimed to determine potential factors associated with GH OA in a large cohort of patients.

Design: A case-control study was performed using the Dallas Shoulder Cohort (N=3,582). Patients with shoulder pain presenting to the orthopedic clinic at UT Southwestern were included. Patients filled out questionnaires on the severity of shoulder symptoms, comorbidities, outcome scales, and general health. X-rays of each patient were reviewed to determine the presence (cases) or absence of GH OA (controls). Univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify associations between selected variables and GH OA.

Results: A total of 1,755 patients were determined to be cases and 1,827 were controls. Univariate analysis showed that increasing age, prior shoulder injury, history of smoking, diagnosis of hypertension, history of osteoarthritis of other joints, and shoulder pain at night were associated with GH OA. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, BMI, prior shoulder injury (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.11-1.51), and a history of smoking (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.02-2.00), were significantly associated with GH OA.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that age, BMI, previous shoulder injury, and history of smoking were associated with the diagnosis of GH OA. Despite limitations such as the inclusion of patients with shoulder pain (without GH OA) as controls (including subjects from the general population with shoulder x-rays as controls would make the feasibility of the study difficult), we present one of the largest cohorts with GH OA. Our study is a step in the direction to further understand the etiology of GH OA.